Originally published in the The Theraplay® Institute Newsletter of Spring, 1994

Theraplay Dimensions

The Theraplay Institute

Wilmette, Illinois

Theraplay's treatment strategy is to replicate the early parent-infant relationship in all its aspects. These include the dimensions of structure, challenge, engagement, nurture and playfulness which occur within an atmosphere of empathic attunement and relaxed engagement.

STRUCTURE:
Activities set limits, define body boundaries, establish expectations. The adult directs and controls the situation, communicating to the child: You are safe with me because I will take good care of you. I know lots of ways that we can have fun together.

CHALLENGE:
Activities emphasize the child's strengths and competencies. Based on the child's current developmental level, activities encourage a step forward. The message is: You are capable of growing and of making a positive impact on the world.

ENGAGEMENT:
Activities that require the child to be aware of others, utilizing physical contact, eye contact, surprise and variety. They let the child know that new experiences can be enjoyable. The message is: You are fun to be with. You can interact in appropriate ways with others. You can be close to others.

NURTURE:
Activities that are soothing, calming, quieting and caretaking make the world feel safe, predictable and warm. The adult is actively physical, affectionate and verbally affirmative, giving the message: You are lovable. I will respond to your needs for care, affection and praise.

PLAYFULNESS:
All activities are conducted in an upbeat atmosphere of warmth, spontaneity, optimism, cheerfulness and fun.

Reference: Jernberg, A. (1993). Attachment Formation. In The Therapeutic Powers of Play, Ed. C.E. Schaefer, pp.241-265. New Jersey: Jason-Aronson.